{"id":515,"date":"2017-12-28T15:37:00","date_gmt":"2017-12-28T15:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.centrodeestudiosmicologicosasturianos.org\/?p=515"},"modified":"2021-02-22T16:54:46","modified_gmt":"2021-02-22T15:54:46","slug":"hypoxylon-howeianum-peck","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.centrodeestudiosmicologicosasturianos.org\/?p=515","title":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"font-style: italic;display:inline;text-transform:none;\"> Hypoxylon howeianum  <h4 style=\"font-style: normal;display:inline;text-transform:none \"> Peck <\/h4>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Existen tres especies de <i>Hypoxylon<\/i> con estromas estrictamente esf\u00e9ricos:<\/p>\n<p><i>*Hypoxylon commutatum<\/i>, muy raro, que carece de aparato apical en los ascos.<br \/>\n<i>*<a href=\"https:\/\/www.centrodeestudiosmicologicosasturianos.org\/?p=8308\">Hypoxylon fragiforme<\/a><\/i>, muy frecuente en madera de <i>Fagus sylvatica<\/i>, con esporas de mayores dimensiones.<br \/>\n<i>*Hypoxylon howeianum<\/i>, frecuente durante el invierno en diversas maderas (en Asturias hay recolecciones sobre <i>Quercus, Salix, Castanea, Corylus y Alnus<\/i>).<\/p>\n<div style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a style=\"clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" href=\"https:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-f7Hnx-SrDYE\/WkUKWbMZSSI\/AAAAAAAAIlo\/zCBl2P1-mJcNdFJDVmEwytuUYsJKPQ2uQCLcBGAs\/s1600\/Hypoxylon%2Bhoweianum%2BERD-7403.%2BPimiango%2B%2528Ribadedeva%2529%252C%2B24-XII-2017%252C%2BQuercus%2Bilex.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-f7Hnx-SrDYE\/WkUKWbMZSSI\/AAAAAAAAIlo\/zCBl2P1-mJcNdFJDVmEwytuUYsJKPQ2uQCLcBGAs\/s400\/Hypoxylon%2Bhoweianum%2BERD-7403.%2BPimiango%2B%2528Ribadedeva%2529%252C%2B24-XII-2017%252C%2BQuercus%2Bilex.jpg\" alt=\"Hypoxylon howeianum\" width=\"400\" height=\"265\" border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"664\" data-original-width=\"1000\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hypoxylon howeianum ERD-7403. Pimiango (Ribadedeva), 24-XII-2017, Quercus ilex. Foto: Enrique Rubio<\/p><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" href=\"https:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-GH9F0JsCKZI\/WkUKVjOq-yI\/AAAAAAAAIlc\/6vjFLERVDQUSH4o84Qex4zrUU9mHLgY-QCLcBGAs\/s1600\/Hypoxylon%2Bhoweianum%2BERD-7403.%2BPimiango%2B%2528Ribadedeva%2529%252C%2B24-XII-2017%252C%2BQuercus%2Bilex%2B%25282%2529.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-GH9F0JsCKZI\/WkUKVjOq-yI\/AAAAAAAAIlc\/6vjFLERVDQUSH4o84Qex4zrUU9mHLgY-QCLcBGAs\/s640\/Hypoxylon%2Bhoweianum%2BERD-7403.%2BPimiango%2B%2528Ribadedeva%2529%252C%2B24-XII-2017%252C%2BQuercus%2Bilex%2B%25282%2529.jpg\" alt=\"Hypoxylon howeianum\" width=\"640\" height=\"304\" border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"493\" data-original-width=\"1000\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hypoxylon howeianum ERD-7403. Pimiango (Ribadedeva), 24-XII-2017, Quercus ilex. Foto: Enrique Rubio<\/p><\/div>\n<div>En <i>Hypoxylon howeianum<\/i>, justo bajo la corteza., se pueden ver gr\u00e1nulos de color rojizo o anaranjado vivo, que mediante el KOH liberan pigmentos de ese mismo color. Los gr\u00e1nulos pueden ser de color diferente seg\u00fan las especies y liberar compuestos de colores muy diversos. La taxonom\u00eda del g\u00e9nero, se apoya mucho en esta circunstancia. Para ello, s\u00f3lo hay que coger un peque\u00f1o fragmento del estroma, ponerlo sobre un papel blanco, a\u00f1adir una gota de KOH al 10% y observar el color obtenido, que en este caso es rojizo.<\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 132px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a style=\"clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" href=\"https:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-tfUbeRY8vGU\/WkUKV1K4VNI\/AAAAAAAAIlg\/pMhJ94Ya4uECM-CfdIHnOIdgmMOxSbITwCLcBGAs\/s1600\/Hypoxylon%2Bhoweianum%2BERD-7403.%2BEsporas%2Bx%2B1000.%2BPimiango%2B%2528Ribadedeva%2529%252C%2B24-XII-2017%252C%2BQuercus%2Bilex.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-tfUbeRY8vGU\/WkUKV1K4VNI\/AAAAAAAAIlg\/pMhJ94Ya4uECM-CfdIHnOIdgmMOxSbITwCLcBGAs\/s200\/Hypoxylon%2Bhoweianum%2BERD-7403.%2BEsporas%2Bx%2B1000.%2BPimiango%2B%2528Ribadedeva%2529%252C%2B24-XII-2017%252C%2BQuercus%2Bilex.jpg\" alt=\"Hypoxylon howeianum\" width=\"132\" height=\"200\" border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"1504\" data-original-width=\"1000\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hypoxylon howeianum ERD-7403. Esporas x 1000. Pimiango (Ribadedeva), 24-XII-2017, Quercus ilex. Foto: Enrique Rubio<\/p><\/div>\n<div>Las esporas de <i>H. howeianum<\/i> son m\u00e1s bien peque\u00f1as, poseen una hendidura germinativa muy inconspicua, que abarca la totalidad de la longitud esporal (se\u00f1alada con flecha blanca) y desprenden su perisporio, o membrana que rodea la espora, flotando como si fuese el pellejo de una jud\u00eda, cuando le a\u00f1adimos KOH.<br \/>\nTanto la morfolog\u00eda de la hendidura germinativa, como su longitud, as\u00ed como la dehiscencia o indehiscencia del perisporio, son caracteres que habitualmente se utilizan en la taxonom\u00eda del g\u00e9nero.<br \/>\nPor \u00faltimo, se\u00f1alar que en <i>Hypoxylon<\/i>, el aparato o anillo apical, que en este caso se vuelve azulado en el reactivo de Melzer, es siempre m\u00e1s ancho que alto, mientras que en otros g\u00e9neros pr\u00f3ximos como <i>Nemania, Rosellinia o Xylaria<\/i>, es siempre m\u00e1s alto que ancho, en forma de sombrero de copa.<\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 292px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" href=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-E4HMuKJEM1U\/WkUKWBFKH2I\/AAAAAAAAIlk\/77DFQkj_PIApGVG2tlaI37vbi_T0eHk7ACLcBGAs\/s1600\/Hypoxylon%2Bhoweianum%2BERD-7403.%2BMicrograf%25C3%25ADa.%2BPimiango%2B%2528Ribadedeva%2529%252C%2B24-XII-2017%252C%2BQuercus%2Bilex.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-E4HMuKJEM1U\/WkUKWBFKH2I\/AAAAAAAAIlk\/77DFQkj_PIApGVG2tlaI37vbi_T0eHk7ACLcBGAs\/s320\/Hypoxylon%2Bhoweianum%2BERD-7403.%2BMicrograf%25C3%25ADa.%2BPimiango%2B%2528Ribadedeva%2529%252C%2B24-XII-2017%252C%2BQuercus%2Bilex.jpg\" alt=\"Hypoxylon howeianum\" width=\"292\" height=\"320\" border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"1600\" data-original-width=\"1467\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hypoxylon howeianum ERD-7403. Micrograf\u00eda. Pimiango (Ribadedeva), 24-XII-2017, Quercus ilex. Foto: Enrique Rubio<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"width: 320px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" href=\"https:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-guAoz9ob3KI\/WkUXqjIIuxI\/AAAAAAAAIl4\/yAQUKHkjfYorPYIEmHEtXZ-zI_DBI7WwQCLcBGAs\/s1600\/Hypoxylon%2Bhoweanum-2ret.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-guAoz9ob3KI\/WkUXqjIIuxI\/AAAAAAAAIl4\/yAQUKHkjfYorPYIEmHEtXZ-zI_DBI7WwQCLcBGAs\/s320\/Hypoxylon%2Bhoweanum-2ret.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"213\" border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"1000\" data-original-width=\"1500\" \/><\/a><p class=\"wp-caption-text\">En esta fotograf\u00eda de J. M. Castro Marcote coexisten las dos formas de Hypoxylon howeianum, el anamorfo conidi\u00f3geno y el teleomorfo espor\u00edfero.<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Existen tres especies de Hypoxylon con estromas estrictamente esf\u00e9ricos: *Hypoxylon commutatum, muy raro, que carece<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,2434,35],"tags":[2251,2397],"class_list":["post-515","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ascomycota","category-clase-sordariomycetes","category-orden-xylariales","tag-hypoxylon","tag-quercus-sp"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hypoxylon howeianum  Peck  &#8226; CEMAS &#8226; Orden Xylariales<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"En 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