{"id":34159,"date":"2020-10-08T18:00:47","date_gmt":"2020-10-08T17:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.centrodeestudiosmicologicosasturianos.org\/?p=34159"},"modified":"2023-07-23T10:30:00","modified_gmt":"2023-07-23T08:30:00","slug":"rhizocarpon-geographicum-l-dc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.centrodeestudiosmicologicosasturianos.org\/?p=34159","title":{"rendered":"

Rhizocarpon geographicum s. lat. <\/h2>

(L.) DC. <\/h4>"},"content":{"rendered":"

RUNEMARK (1956), en su monograf\u00eda sobre los Rhizocarpon<\/i> de color amarillo, clasifica estas especies en 4 grupos:\u00a0 Superficiale, Alpicola, Viridiatrum <\/i>y Geographicum<\/i>. Desde entonces, muchos otros investigadores parecen aceptar esta clasificaci\u00f3n para agrupar o separar las diferentes especies, morfotipos o quimiotipos, que a lo largo de los a\u00f1os han venido describi\u00e9ndose. La gen\u00e9tica lleg\u00f3 para revolucionar todos los estudios morfol\u00f3gicos y microsc\u00f3picos, pero a pesar de ello a\u00fan parece existir mucha confusi\u00f3n. En este art\u00edculo centraremos nuestra atenci\u00f3n en los Rhizocarpon<\/i> de color amarillo pertenecientes a la secci\u00f3n o subgrupo Geographicum<\/i>.<\/p>\n

En Asturias y cercan\u00edas hemos recolectados varios morfotipos que, como propone ROCA VALIENTE (2013) en su tesis doctoral, han sido aqu\u00ed sinonimizadas bajo el binomio Rhizocarpon geographicum<\/i>. Hemos constatado la enorme plasticidad fenot\u00edpica de los ejemplares estudiados, que hacen confuso su estudio, haciendo que el uso de claves dicot\u00f3micas se vuelva poco menos que incongruente. Quiz\u00e1s, estudios gen\u00e9ticos m\u00e1s profundos puedan aportar claridad y lucidez a un g\u00e9nero tan cosmopolita. Los morfotipos o quimiotipos encontrados por nosotros en Asturias, o en sus cercan\u00edas, se resumen aqu\u00ed:<\/p>\n

*Morfotipo 1. Puerto de Vegarada (Le\u00f3n), 26-VII-2022, en rocas pizarrosas en un talud vertical, leg<\/i>. & det<\/i>. M. Gonz\u00e1lez. Talos de 1 \u00f3 2 cm de di\u00e1metro, que no forman rosetas ni agrupaciones, muy areolado, pudiendo verse el protalo entre las areolas, que miden entre 0,5 y 0,8 mm de di\u00e1metro, son c\u00f3ncavas y rodean a los apotecios, con una morfolog\u00eda semilunar s\u00f3lo en algunas ocasiones. Apotecios con m\u00e1rgenes angulosos. Epitecio K-. M\u00e9dula I+ azul y P+ rojo teja. Esporas elipsoidales de color marr\u00f3n verdoso con 3 septos muy notorios, ligeramente constre\u00f1idas en los septos, inicialmente submuriformes, con un halo bien visible y con menos de 16 c\u00e9lulas a la vista en un s\u00f3lo plano. Al madurar, las esporas son muriformes, con m\u00e1s de 16 c\u00e9lulas a la vista en un solo plano. Me = 35,9 \u00d7 15,9 \u00b5m; Qe = 2,3. Medidas esporales obtenidas en H2O.<\/p>\n

\"Rhizocarpon<\/a>

Rhizocarpon geographicum. Morfotipo 1. Foto: Marta Gonz\u00e1lez.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Rhizocarpon<\/a>

Rhizocarpon geographicum. Morfotipo 1. Foto: Marta Gonz\u00e1lez.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Rhizocarpon<\/a>

Rhizocarpon geographicum. Apotecio y talo. Morfotipo 1. Foto: Marta Gonz\u00e1lez.<\/p><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

*Morfotipo 2. Puerto de Vegarada (Le\u00f3n), 26-VII-2022, en rocas cuarc\u00edticas, leg.<\/i> & det.<\/i> M. Gonz\u00e1lez. Talo de hasta 14 cm, con el talo poco prominente y areolas planas que crecen muy apretadas mayoritariamente semilunares. Apotecios negros con el margen anguloso. Esporas muriformes, mayores que las de la primera recolecci\u00f3n y con un cociente esporal mucho m\u00e1s largo. Esporas con m\u00e1s de 20 c\u00e9lulas a la vista en un s\u00f3lo plano. Me = 50,1 \u00d7 18,2 \u00b5m; Qe = 2,9. Medidas esporales obtenidas en H2O. Reacciones qu\u00edmicas similares a las del morfotipo 1.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Rhizocarpon<\/a>

Rhizocarpon geographicum. Morfotipo 2. Foto: Marta Gonz\u00e1lez.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Rhizocarpon<\/a>

Rhizocarpon geographicum. Morfotipo 2. Talo a 40x. Foto: Marta Gonz\u00e1lez.<\/p><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Rhizocarpon<\/a>

Rhizocarpon geographicum. Morfotipo 2. Foto: Marta Gonz\u00e1lez.<\/p><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

*Morfotipo 3. Puerto de Vegarada (Le\u00f3n), 26-VII-2022, en rocas cuarc\u00edticas, leg<\/i>. & det.<\/i> M. Gonz\u00e1lez. Talo de 4 cm de di\u00e1metro con un marcado protalo negro, formado por areolas planas, muy agrietadas, de 0,5 mm de grosor, con apotecios esf\u00e9ricos negros, inmersos en el talo, que nacen en el centro de la areola. Himenio de color verde azulado. Epitecio K+ verde. Subhimenio de color marr\u00f3n, K+ marr\u00f3n rojizo. M\u00e9dula I+ azul. M\u00e9dula P+ amarillo anaranjado. C\u00f3rtex P+ amarillo. Las esporas son muriformes de un color verde muy oscuro en H2O, lo que dificulta visibilizar el n\u00famero de c\u00e9lulas que las forman, aunque su n\u00famero es superior a 20. Me = 44,1 \u00d7 17,1; Qe = 2,6. Las mediciones esporales se han realizado en H2O y se han desechado aquellas esporas maduras que hab\u00edan comenzado a fracturarse.<\/p>\n

\"Rhizocarpon<\/a>

Rhizocarpon geographicum. Morfotipo 3. Foto: Marta Gonz\u00e1lez.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Rhizocarpon<\/a>

Rhizocarpon geographicum. Morfotipo 3. Foto: Marta Gonz\u00e1lez.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Rhizocarpon<\/a>

Rhizocarpon geographicum. Morfotipo 3. Foto: Marta Gonz\u00e1lez.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Rhizocarpon<\/a>

Rhizocarpon geographicum. Morfotipo 3. Foto: Marta Gonz\u00e1lez.<\/p><\/div>\n

\"Rhizocarpon<\/a>

Rhizocarpon geographicum. Morfotipo 3. Foto: Marta Gonz\u00e1lez.<\/p><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

K= Soluci\u00f3n 10% de KOH en agua.<\/span>
\nC = Hipoclorito de sodio<\/span>
\nPD= cristales de parafenilendiamina disueltos en alcohol.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

ROCA VALIENTE, B. (2013). Estudio filogen\u00e9tico del grupo de Rhizocarpon geographicum<\/i> (L\u00edquenes, Rhizocarpaceae<\/i>, Ascomycota<\/i>). An\u00e1lisis contrastado de los caracteres morfol\u00f3gicos y los patrones biogeogr\u00e1ficos. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Facultad de Farmacia. Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Vegetal II.<\/span><\/p>\n

RUNEMARK H. 1956. Studies in Rhizocarpon<\/i>. I. Taxonomy of the yellow species in Europe<\/i>. Opera Botanica<\/i> 2(1): 1-152.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

RUNEMARK (1956), en su monograf\u00eda sobre los Rhizocarpon de color amarillo, clasifica estas especies en<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":51842,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,2429,3327],"tags":[3329,2304,3511],"class_list":["post-34159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ascomycota","category-clase-lecanoromycetes","category-orden-rhizocarpales","tag-genero-rhizocarpon","tag-hongos-liquenizados","tag-l-saxicolas"],"yoast_head":"\nRhizocarpon geographicum s. lat. (L.) 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